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Catalpa bignoides - Indian Bean Tree.
T 
A
fine tree with especially large leaves. Reckoned in some books
to only grow in the south of the country, but I know of several in Cambridgeshire
that are doing well. The leaves come out quite late in the season and
in the species are shortly followed by large white flowers followed
by slender seed pods that give the tree it's common name. A particularly
handsome cultivar is "Aurea" that has bright yellow foliage,
bronze when first out, though with less of a display of flowers. Spreading
habit to 50ft tall and wide, 30ft in each direction for "Aurea".
A
large group of familiar shrubs with large panicles of blue, white
or pink flowers. The blue and pink forms can be affected by soil pH.
Acid soils of less than 5.5 give blue flowers, and pH above this give
pink flowers, if the pH is borderline it may be possible to change the
colour by using a commercial blueing compound. Methods such as driving
a large rusty nail into the soil are also supposed to work, though it
also depends on what the soil is like as whether or not such methods
tip the balance. White varieties are not affected by soil pH. Available
in many cultivars, size varies correspondingly, generally from 3-5ft
high and across for H. macrophylla (the most often seen varieties)
to 8ft high and across for species types such as H. quercifolia.
A
large group of shrubs and perennials with large showy blooms, the most
exotic of which unfortunately require minimum temperatures of 5-15C.
There are however several varieties that will grow well in this country
and will flower well if given a place in full sun. Flowers in a variety
of colours, white, pink, red, blue often with contrasting centres. To
about 6ft high and wide.
A
dense evergreen tree with large glossy leaves with paler green or rusty
coloured hairs to the undersides. Huge creamy white flowers up to 10"
across are produced from July through to the first frosts. Available
in several varieties that grow to medium to largish tress. "Little
Gem" to 20ft high and wide, others up to 60ft high and 50ft wide
(eventually, but probably not in your life-time!).
A
graceful deciduous shrub to small tree with attractive feathery foliage
and pink flowers borne in dense racemes on the current years shoots.
Often recommended for coastal areas where they cope very well in sandy
soil and are resilient to salt spray. They also cope well with marshy
soil being surprisingly resistant to waterlogged conditions. Height
and spread to 15ft.
A
subshrubby perennial rather than a true shrub. Grown for attractive
glaucous foliage and large fragrant showy white flowers that are up
to 5" across of ruffled white petals with a large group of prominent
yellow stamens in the middle. Needs some protection, shelter from strong
cold winds and grow against a sunny wall if at all possible. Sometimes
difficult to establish, but once way should be fine. Height to 3-8ft
depending on how happy it is, spread depends on how far you'll let it
sucker as it goes. Sounds difficult, but actually is magnificent.
One
of the best trees for autumn colour, place in full sun as a feature
for best effect, against an evergreen background if at all possible.
The species grows very large to 80ft tall and 40ft wide, and is well
worth having if you have the space! There are several slower growing
smaller cultivars such as "Golden Treasure" or "Moonbeam"
both to 30ft high and 20ft wide.
One
of my favourite climbers this one, large bright green heavily textured
leaves up to 12" across whose autumn colours earn it its common name.
A vigorous and large plant that will grow to 50ft if given space in
a mature tree, alternatively grow it up and over a pergola to give summer
shade and autumn fireworks.
One
of the small but very useful group of plants that produce scented flowers
in the depths (or nearly the depths) of winter. Bunches of fragrant
pink blooms on leafless stems. Grow near to a path that you are likely
to use frequently as otherwise you won't appreciate the scent at a time
of year when you're less inclined to go down a damp cold garden to smell
it. Height to 10ft by 6ft wide, but can be pruned to keep the scented
flowers down at nose level.
There
are a great many varieties of holly available, but unfortunately none
of them do exactly what we require from a holly on their own. i.e. have
the traditional deep green spiky leaves and be reliably covered in bright
red berries at Christmas. 
Deciduous
tree grown for the winter colour of the bark which is green with white
or pale marking that snake up the trunk and the branches. Red winter
shoots which add to the decorative effect. Suitable for most situations.
Spreading habit to 30ft by 20ft eventually.
Slow
growing spreading tree with red-brown to orange bark that flakes off
in paper thin sheets giving an attractive shaggy effect especially during
the winter months. Bright autumn foliage colour too. Suitable for most
situations. Spreading habit to 30ft by 20ft eventually.
The
birches are admirable trees for small gardens, some types can grow tall
(eventually to 50ft or more), but they tend not to spread very far and
have an open canopy that gives a dappled shade, a lovely effect. They
need an open sunny situation.
A
variety of the native hazel tree with strongly twisted shoots that are
particularly effective in winter and frequently seen in flower arrangements.
To 20ft by 20ft.
An
unusual variegated holly - green leaves edged with cream - that has
spines on the surface of the leaves as well as around the edges. Slow
growing, colours best in a sunny position. Eventually gets to 25ft high
by 12ft wide, but easily trimmed to less.